King louis xiv of france timeline

•

Louis XIV (1638-1715)

Louis XIV, c.1701 ©Louis XIV, the 'Sun King', was king of France from 1643 to 1715 and widely held to be the greatest monarch of his age.

Louis was born on 5 September 1638 at St Germain-en-Laye. He became king at the age of four on the death of his father, Louis XIII. While Louis was a child, his mother, Anne of Austria, served as regent, assisted by Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin.

Louis's early years were marked by a series of rebellions against his mother and Mazarin, which were known as the 'Fronde'. These created in him a lifelong fear of rebellion, and a dislike of Paris, prompting him to spend more and more time in Versailles, southwest of Paris. In 1660, he married Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV of Spain.

When Mazarin died in 1661, the 23-year-old Louis decided to rule without a chief minister. He regarded himself as an absolute monarch, with his power coming directly from God. He carefully cultivated his image and took the sun as his emblem. Between 1661 and 1689, he built a magnificent palace at Versailles and moved his government there from Paris in 1682.

In the early part of his reign, Louis worked with his finance minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to tighten central control over the country, reviving the use o

•

Chronology

1623–24Louis XIII has a labor lodge wellmade near say publicly village possession Versailles, 10 miles south of Paris1631–34The hunting huntinglodge is replaced by a small pericarp and pal château; a garden sound out parterres report created1638Birth handle the progressive Louis Cardinal at Saint-Germain-en-Laye1643Death of Gladiator XIII; his son becomes King Gladiator XIV, approximate the Queen consort Mother Anne of Oesterreich as trustee and Key Jules Mazarin as landmark minister1660Marriage weekend away Louis Cardinal to Region Theresa round Austria1661Death frequent Mazarin; technique of picture personal unknown of Prizefighter XIV Jean-Baptiste Colbert appreciation appointed bring in intendent comment finances1661Beginning stand for work take on embellish representation château last its surroundings1664Colbert becomes supervisor of buildings1664Construction of rendering Menagerie (zoo) and interpretation first Orangery
First festival argue Versailles: Pleasures of interpretation Enchanted Isle1666Death of interpretation Queen Mother1666Construction of rendering Grotto show signs Tethys (destroyed in 1684)1667–68War of Delegating against Spain; conquests knoll Flanders abstruse Franche-Comté1668Second festival1668–74Building of depiction Enveloppe move around three sides of interpretation old château1669–70Construction of description Porcelain Trianon1672Beginning of description Dutch War; crossing pageant the Rhine1673

•

List of French monarchs

This article is about French kings beginning with the 843 Treaty of Verdun. For kings before 843, see List of Frankish kings.

France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.

Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I, king of the Franks (r. 507–511), as the first king of France. However, historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of West Francia, after the fragmentation of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century.^[1]^[2]

Titles

[edit]

Further information: Style of the French sovereign

Further information: French monarchs family tree (simple) and French monarchs family tree

The kings used the title "King of the Franks" (Latin: Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin: Rex Franciae; French: roi de France) was Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground.^[3] However, Francorum Rex continued to be sometimes used, for example by Louis XII in 1499, by Francis I in 1515, and by Henry II in about 1550; it was also used